Nausea can occur from stomach disorders , opportunistic infections and most commonly as a side effect of many medications . Vomiting, though not as common, is more serious because it can result in nutrient loss and dehydration . The main strategy to counter nausea is to eat foods that are easy to tolerate and to eat often enough to get adequate nutrition . Nausea is one condition for which it can be best to follow your culture’s habits and treatments. For example, people who eat a typical North American diet often prefer bland foods. People who eat a South Asian diet often turn to sweet, salty, sour or bitter foods to settle an upset stomach.
Keeping food down
- Eat small amounts frequently, at least every 2 to 3 hours. Low blood sugar,which occurs when you don’t get enough nutrients, can make nausea worse.
- Cold or room-temperature foods may be easier to tolerate.
- If you are vomiting, remember to drink at least 8 cups of fluid each day.
- Wear loose clothes when eating.
- Try to avoid cooking smells.
- Don’t lie down for at least 20 minutes after eating.
- Ginger may be helpful. Drink some flat ginger ale. Stir it to remove the bubbles. To make your own homemade ginger ale, simmer fresh ginger in hot water. Add sugar, maple syrup or honey to taste. Cool and add water or club soda to serve.
Problems in the mouth or throat
People with HIV may experience problems in the mouth or throat dueto side effects of medications, damaged or diseased teeth and gums, or opportunistic infections like thrush, chancres or herpes . Anti-HIV drugs sometimes cause abnormal tastes or dry mouth. The most common cause of swallowing problems is esophageal candidiasis (thrush in the throat). The overall strategy to address painful chewing and swallowing is to adjust textures and tastes for more soothing foods and beverages.
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