Tuberculosis (TB) is a serious infectious disease caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While it most commonly affects the lungs, it can also affect other parts of the body. Here's a summary of important information:Key Points:Cause:Caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis.Spread through the air when a person with active TB coughs, sneezes, or speaks.Types of TB:Latent TB infection: The bacteria live in the body but don't cause illness. The person doesn't have symptoms and can't spread TB.Active TB disease: The bacteria multiply and cause symptoms. This form can be spread to others.Symptoms:Prolonged cough (sometimes with blood)Chest painWeakness or fatigueWeight lossFeverNight sweatsDiagnosis:Tuberculin skin test (TST) or blood tests.Chest X-rays.Sputum tests.