Migraine is one of the most common Headache type in society. At least one family member suffer from this attack once in their life time. Due to migraine many people discontinue their jobs, many absent in office and female away from cooking. Children discontinued their school for this attack. 

Why Migraine Occurs?

Our brain has a trigemino-thalamic system which is is responsible for migraine. Trigeminal fibers innervating cerebral blood vessels contain pain mediated chemicals called substance P and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), both of which can be released when the trigeminal ganglion is stimulated. There may be neurogenic inflammation of dilated cerebral blood vessels which release CGRP and cause pain.

What Are The Symptoms of Migraine? 

RepeatedEpisodes of Headache which persists for 4 to 72 Hour, which Is unilateral, throbbing in nature and increased with movements and also associated with nausea, vomiting, photophobia and phonophobia. Sometimes not all symptoms present in patient with migraine. 

Types of Migraine : There are many classifications of migraine but for practical purpose we classify into two main categories. Episodic migraine and Chronic Migraine. If Migraine episodes exceeds more than 8 times a month for 3 consecutive months it is called chronic migraine. 

What are the precipitating factors of Migraine? ·   

  Stress, hormonal changes (MenstrualCycle), skipping meals, changes in the weather, sleep disturbances, bright or flashing lights, drinking alcohol, sun exposure, Travel,  head Bath, eating cheese, oily foods and drinking red wines are common trigger factor of migraine. 

How Migraine is treated? 

AcuteTreatment 

If someone has migraine attacks, then as per doctor’s prescription one should takeNSAID (Naproxen) or triptans (Sumatriptans, Zolmitriptans, Rizatriptans) whichwill break the headache cycle.  

Prevention

If headache frequency is more than 2 times a month then prophylaxis is given.Mostly propranolol, Topiramate, Divalproex Sodium, Amitryptiline, Flunarazineare used. In Chronic Migraine apart from above oral medication CGRP antagonist like Injection Erenumobab (Suviray) and Botulinum toxin is used with excellent result.  

What Precaution you will take to avoid Migraine? 

1. Drink Adequate water > 3L/day, 2.  Do exercise 40mins at least 3 days in a week 3.   Your   sleep should be 6-8 hours/day 4.  avoid skipping meal 5.  avoid Cheese and other dairy products and Avoid self-medication