Headache is a common neurological symptom. It is of two types - Primary and Secondary. Migraine and Tension Headache are common primary headaches. Secondary headaches may happen following trauma, tumor or infection.
Primary headaches are benign and do not threaten life. Migraine usually causes unilateral headache associated with nausea, vomiting, sensitivity to light or noise. Tension headache usually causes bilateral headache associated with low mood, loss of interest in surrounding activities.
Secondary headaches may cause unilateral or bilateral headache associated with fever, neck pain, vomiting, visual symptoms or neurological deficits/paralysis. Warning/red flag signs that should never be overlooked include : worst headache ever, sudden severe headache, multiple vomitings, associated high grade fever, neck pain/stiffness, visual blurring, weakness/paralysis/numbness.
Early diagnosis of secondary headache can prevent life threatening complications like brain hemorrhage, tumour and stroke. The diagnosis is based on clinical history, brain imaging (MRI/CT scan) and advanced testing as required.
We need to spread awareness about the common causes of headache. We should always seek advice of Neuro specialists for early diagnosis and treatment. Any headache should never be ignored thinking it's just a normal headache. Let's be more vocal about the need of timely and corrective medical intervention in cases of headache.