An Intrauterine Device (IUD), often popularly known as Copper T is a tiny, T-shaped plastic device that is inserted within the uterus to prevent conception. They provide long-lasting, dependable pregnancy prevention and are reversible. 

IUDs are classified into two types:

  1. Copper based non-hormonal.
  2. Hormone based- containing Progestin hormone.

How Is IUCD works

Copper-containing IUCD works by releasing copper ions into the uterus, creating an unfavourable environment for sperm. The copper, in essence, renders sperm useless, preventing it from fertilizing an egg and causing you to get pregnant.

Hormone containing IUCD works

A modest quantity of progestin hormone can be used to prevent pregnancy in a variety of ways. It thickens cervical mucus, preventing sperm from entering the uterus, and hinders sperm motility, making it more difficult for sperm to approach and fertilize an egg. It also thins the uterine lining, making it less likely that an egg will adhere to the uterus.

How is an IUCD inserted?

Doctor will put a speculum into your vagina and then use a special inserter to put the IUD in through the opening of your cervix and into your uterus. The process usually takes less than five minutes.

Advantages of IUCD

  • Effectiveness: They are among the most effective methods of birth control available.
  • Longevity: Depending on the kind, they can endure from 3 to 10years.
  • Convenience: No pre-sex preparation or reminders are required.
  • Economical: IUDs might be expensive at first, but there are nofurther fees for several years.
  • Reversible: If you desire to get pregnant, you may get it removedand begin trying immediately.
  • Easier periods: Many women report lighter periods and less cramping after using a hormonal device.

Disadvantages of LUCD

  • They do not provide protection against sexually transmitted illnesses (STIs).
  • Insertion might be unpleasant at times.
  • If a woman has a recent history of pelvic inflammatory illness, it cannot be implanted (PID)

How effective is an IUD?

Very efficient! There are more than 99 people present. This suggests that less than one in every 100 IUD users will become pregnant in a year.

How quickly do IUDs start working?

As soon as it is in place, it can prevent pregnancy. Hormonal IUDs are only effective if placed within the first 7 days of your cycle.

When IUCD is inserted?

It can be inserted at any stage of the menstrual cycle. However, it is recommended to insert on the fifth day of menstruation since insertion is simple.

Side effects of IUCD

  • Spotting between periods.
  • Heavier or longer periods.
  • Abdominal cramping or back aches for a few days after.

In case of Hormonal IUCD following side effects can occur -

  • Headache.
  • Acne.
  • Breast tenderness.
  • Irregular bleeding, which can improve after six months of use.
  • Mood changes.
  • Cramping or pelvic pain.

How long it can be kept

The copper IUD is effective immediately and can last up toten years depending on the amount of copper used. Depending on themanufacturer, progestin IUDs can last 5 to 6 years. As a result, the IUD is anexcellent choice for anyone who is not yet ready to establish a family.

Removal of IUCD

  • It may be removed whenever the woman desires.
  • Removal is quick and easy, taking less than a minute.

Return of fertility after IUCD removal

The cumulative pregnancy rates three, six, twelve, and eighteen months following IUD removal were 62%, 88%, 92%, and 97%, with a meantime of 4.4 months to conception.