Glaucoma is a "Potentially Blinding" disease, as any amount of vision once lost due to glaucoma, is mostly "Irriversible" and vision may also be "Permanently lost" (unlike cataract where the vision is recovered back in more than 99% cases after Micro incision Phacosurgery and Lens Implantation).
The near-permanent loss is due to non-recoverable damage to the nerve fibres and ganglion cells of the retinal layers around the optic nerve, mostly due to INCREASED EYE PRESSURES.
(Just like Blood Pressure, there is also Intra Ocular Pressure or IOP in the form of "Aqueus Fluid" in the front portion of eye which is constantly getting formed as well as drained from the eye at the same time, the rate of which is delicately balanced by many instrinsic and extrinsic eye factors regulating input and output of the fluid flow, detailed discussion of which is beyond the scope of this topic meant for general information regarding the disease)
Good thing about its treatment is that Glaucoma-surgeries (either full surgeries like TRABECULECTOMY or SHUNT IMPLANTS like AHMED or AADI valve implants, or MIGS i.e. MICRO INCISION GLAUCOMA SURGERIES like Goniotomy with Kahook blade or Gonioscopic assisted trans-luminal Trabeculotomy or STENT devices like ISTENT and HYDRUS ) are very rarely required (barring some special EARLY indications for MIGS) as we now have an arrey of many categories of Eyedrops which can be used to lower the eye pressures to acceptable and non damaging levels in most cases if the disease is detected at an early stage by doing specific tests and investigations like VISUAL FIELD CHARTING (Perimetry) and optic nerve and retinal scaning by Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) unlike cataract where the First-treatment of choice is Phaco-surgery itself with lens implantation.
The most important thing is timely installation of eyedrops in the affected eye for long-term usage which is generally lifelong (just as you take tablets lifelong for hypetension or diabetes etc) and getting the scans and test repeated at regular intervals and getting your eye pressures checked frequently with your eye doctor. If one is strictly compliant to the treatment given and follow-ups regularly with eye specialist, the disease can be very well controlled to a level where it will never deteriorate your vision.