Urinary tract infection is described by location:
1-Urithritis
2-Cystitis
3-Pyelonephritis
Uti is also defind as significant bacteriuria in presence of symptoms.
Age group at increased risk:
1-Neonate
2-Girl
3-Young women
4-Older men
RISK FACTORS:
1-male sex
2-anatomic abnormality of the urinary tract or external drainage system
3-recurrent uti
4-advanced age in men
5-nursing home residency
6-comorbities such as dm and sickle cell disease
7-pregency
8-immunosuppression
URETHRITIS AND CYSTITIS:
urethritis and cystitis are infection of lower urinary tract system
PYELONEPHRITIS:
infection of upper urinary tract
UNCOMPLICATED URINARY TRACT INFECTION:
uti without structural or functional abnormality within urinary tract
COMPLICATED UTI:
functional or anatomical abnormal urinary tract
ASYMPTOMATIC BACTERIURIA:
presence of>100000 cfu/ml of single bacterial species on two succsive urine culture
CLINICAL FEATURE;
painful urination,hematuria,increased urinary frequency,uregency,hesitancy,suprapubic discomfort,and fever
DIAGNOSIS;
urinalysis,microscopy,nitrite reaction bydipstick test,urine culture,blood culture,imaging
TREATMENT;
EMPIRICAL THERAPY;
ciprofloxacin 400 mg iv every 12 h
ceftriaxone 1 gm iv once daily
cefotaxime 1 or 2 gm iv every 8 hourly
piperacillin tazobactom 3.375 gm iv every 6 h
cefipime 2 gm iv every 8 h
meropenem 1 gm iv 8 hourly
3 to 6 day treatment is required........