Tooth sensitivity is described as a brief sensation caused by the exposure of dentin, the layer beneath the hard-white enamel of a tooth, to external stimuli.
CAUSES
1. Food habits: Ingestion of hard and acidic foods /drinks like citrus fruits, beverages, etc., can contribute to tooth sensitivity.
2. Brushing habits: Improper brushing techniques, brushing your teeth aggressively in a horizontal fashion, especially with a hard-bristled toothbrush can cause tooth sensitivity.
3. Tooth decay: Plaque contains bacteria, which produces acids that erode your tooth enamel, gradually leading to tooth sensitivity.
4. Use of teeth whitening therapy/ toothpaste: Frequent use of improper, home teeth whitening products can result in teeth sensitivity.
5. Gum problems: Gum recession, a common problem in people over the age of 40, can damage your gums, causing sensitivity.
6. Cracked/split tooth: can cause pain when you chew or bite on hard substances and can result in tooth sensitivity.
7. Sinus infection: can make your teeth hurt or sensitive when you do certain activities like jumping, brisk walking, etc. This is due to the pressure and inflammation in the sinus.
8. Cold weather: When teeth come in contact with cold air, it can trigger a sensitive tingle.
9. Bruxism: It is the grinding of teeth during sleep, which can cause wear and tear of the teeth enamel, resulting in sensitivity.
10. Chewing on ice: If you are in the habit of chewing on ice, it can damage the nerves inside your teeth, resulting in tooth sensitivity.
11. Pregnancy: It does not directly cause tooth sensitivity but there are hormonal changes that can affect your gums, which in turn may lead to discomfort and dental pain.
TREATMENT
1. Enamel erosion can expose dentin and cause tooth sensitivity. Your dentist will identify the underlying causes of sensitivity and recommend suitable interventions like fluoride therapy, gingival graft surgery, etc.
2. Your dentist may recommend a root canal treatment when other procedures are not effective for sensitive teeth.
3. If tooth sensitivity is due to tooth decay, restoration of those teeth is the ideal choice.
PREVENTION
1. Using a fluoride toothpaste.
2. Brushing your teeth using a soft-bristled toothbrush.
3. Using a mouthwash containing fluoride, for 3 months.
4. Abstaining from taking highly acidic food and drinks.
5. Wearing a mouthguard, if you are in the habit of grinding teeth in your sleep.
CONCLUSION
Talk to your dentist for more information and to determine the best solution for your sensitive teeth.