India is the second largest producer and the largest consumer of sugar worldwide.
Sugar sources in India are
- White sugar
- Honey: Fructose 38.2%,Glucose31.3% and maltose7.1%.
- Brown sugar: Calcium,Potassium, iron and magnesium.
- Khandasari: 94-98% sucrose ,less refined than sugar contains some calcium.
- Palm Sugar: 70-79% sucrose,glucose and fructose 3-9%
High fructose corn syrup contains 55% fructose and 45% glucose while sucrose or table sugar consists of 50% fructose and 50% glucose.
Adverse effects of excess sugar consumption
- Accumalation of overall body fat
- Accumalation of intra abdominal fat
- Insulin resistance- Diabetes
- Diabetes Metabolic syndrome- hypertriglyceridemia
- Hyperuricemia
- Fatty liver
- Impairment of beta cell function and hepatic steatosis (liver fat deposition)
- Increased incidence of dental caries.
Recommendation
Reduced intake of free sugars to less than 10% of total energy intake throughout the life course is a global recommendation