What Are STDs?
Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STDs), also called Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs), are infections passed from one person to another mainly through sexual contact—including vaginal, anal, or oral sex.
Some STDs can also spread through blood, pregnancy, or breastfeeding.
Common STDs
Chlamydia, Gonorrhea ,Syphilis, HIV/AIDS, Genital Herpes, HPV (Human Papillomavirus), Hepatitis B, Trichomoniasis.
Signs and Symptoms
Many STDs cause no symptoms in the beginning. When symptoms occur, they may include:
Pain or burning during urination
Unusual genital discharge
Genital sores, blisters, or warts
Itching or irritation in the genital area
Lower abdominal or pelvic pain
Fever, rash, or swollen lymph nodes
Why Early Detection Matters
Prevents serious health problems like infertility, cancer, liver damage, or heart and brain complications
Reduces the risk of spreading the infection to others
Early treatment works better and is often simpler
How to Protect Yourself
Use condoms correctly every time you have sex
Get vaccinated against HPV and Hepatitis B
Have regular health check-ups and STD screenings if sexually active
Limit number of sexual partners and know their health status
Avoid sharing needles or sharp instruments
If You Think You May Have an STD
Do not panic — many STDs are treatable
Visit a qualified doctor immediately for testing
Do not self-medicate — wrong treatment can make things worse
Inform your partner(s) so they can get tested and treated
Avoid sexual contact until your doctor confirms it is safe
Remember
STDs are common and anyone can get them
Seeking help is a sign of responsibility, not shame
With proper care, you can live a healthy, normal life even after an STD diagnosis
Your health and safety come first. If you have concerns, confidential help is available.
For appointments:
Dr. Shailaja Bandla,
MBBS MD Psy FPM
Consultant Psychiatrist,
Capital Hospitals
Vijayawada
9441619938