Gums or gingiva is the pink tissue that covers the teeth and attach firmly to the jaw bone. Healthy gums protect the roots of the teeth.

HEALTHY GUMS

Gum recession - Gum tissue surrounding the teeth wears away, or pulls back, exposing the tooth's root.

GUM RECESSION IN UPPER TEETH
GUM RECESSION IN LOWER TEETH

Causes:

  • Poor oral hygiene.
  • Physical wear due to aggressive tooth brushing.
  • Malalignment.
  • Periodontitis.
  • Hormonal changes.
  • Grinding or clenching the teeth.
PERIODONTITIS

Ageing, Smoking, Diabetes are risk factors for gum recession.

Symptoms:

  • Exposed roots results in teeth sensitivity.
  • Gaps forms in between the teeth results in food lodgment followed by root caries.      
ROOT CARIES
  • Periodontal pockets forms followed by attachment loss results in loose teeth.
  • Teeth appears longer.

Treatment:

Mild recession can be treated by a professional deep cleaning in affected area.

SCALING

In severe cases, excess bone loss and deep pockets, gum surgery or LANAP (Laser Assisted New Attachment Procedure) may be required.

Conclusion:

Most people aren't aware that they have receding gums as it occurs gradually. If left untreated the surrounding tissue and bone may damage results in tooth loss. So, it is advisable to catch the early signs of gum disease and prevent further damage.