Urinary Tract Infection

Urinary tract infection is described by location:

1-Urithritis

2-Cystitis

3-Pyelonephritis

Uti is also defind as significant bacteriuria in presence of symptoms.

Age group at increased risk:

1-Neonate

2-Girl

3-Young women

4-Older men

RISK FACTORS:

1-male sex

2-anatomic abnormality of the urinary tract or external drainage system

3-recurrent uti

4-advanced age in men

5-nursing home residency

6-comorbities such as dm and sickle cell disease

7-pregency

8-immunosuppression

URETHRITIS AND CYSTITIS:

urethritis and cystitis are infection of lower urinary tract system

PYELONEPHRITIS:

infection of upper urinary tract

UNCOMPLICATED URINARY TRACT INFECTION:

uti without structural or functional abnormality within  urinary tract

COMPLICATED UTI:

functional or anatomical abnormal urinary tract

ASYMPTOMATIC BACTERIURIA:

presence of>100000 cfu/ml of single bacterial species on two succsive urine culture

CLINICAL FEATURE;

painful urination,hematuria,increased urinary frequency,uregency,hesitancy,suprapubic discomfort,and fever

DIAGNOSIS;

urinalysis,microscopy,nitrite reaction bydipstick test,urine culture,blood culture,imaging

TREATMENT;

EMPIRICAL THERAPY;

ciprofloxacin 400 mg iv every 12 h

ceftriaxone 1 gm iv once daily

cefotaxime 1 or 2 gm iv every 8 hourly

piperacillin tazobactom 3.375 gm iv  every 6 h

cefipime 2 gm iv every 8 h

meropenem 1 gm iv 8 hourly

3 to 6 day treatment is required........