Why do we need to know about Breast Cancer?
Breast cancer incidence is rising at an alarming level and it is the most common cancer among women. When detected early it is highly curable. In order to detect it early awareness of screening practices and symptoms is of paramount importance.
What are the symptoms of Breast Cancer?
Most commonly patients present with a lump in the breast or underarm. Other signs to look out for include any change in size or shape of the breast, nipple discharge or pain in any area of the breast.
What are the risk factors for Breast Cancer?
There are many risk factors for developing breast cancer. Some factors are not under our control like female sex, older age, genetic mutations like BRCA1 and BRCA2, family history of breast and ovarian cancer and prior radiation therapy to the chest. Some factors are under our control, like being overweight, drinking too much alcohol, delayed pregnancy, taking certain forms of hormone replacement therapy and not being physically active.
How can I lower my risk of getting Breast Cancer?
Follow a healthy diet and exercise regularly. Try to avoid alcohol or drink in moderation. Breastfeed your children if possible. If you are taking hormone replacement therapy talk to your doctor about the risks of developing breast cancer.
How can I get tested for Breast Cancer?
Mammography is a test for detection of Breast Cancer. It can be used as a screening test for people without symptoms. It can also be used as a diagnostic test for people who have symptoms suspicious of breast cancer. It can be done in women after the age of 40 annually or biannually for screening. If any suspicious lesion is detected on mammography then a biopsy has to be done for confirmation.
Can Mammography be done in young women?
Unfortunately young women can also develop breast cancer and Mammography might not be useful in young women who have dense breasts. It may also not be beneficial if you have had prior surgery of the breast or you have breast implants. In such instances MRI of the breast can be performed to detect cancer.
Can men develop Breast Cancer?
Yes, men can also develop Breast Cancer. The symptoms of Breast cancer are the same in both men and women. Sometimes men with Breast cancer may have underlying genetic conditions which are responsible for the development of cancer.
Breast cancer is currently the most common cancer among women in India. When detected early it is highly curable. Unfortunately due to lack of awareness and a National Screening program many women in India present with advanced disease. It is important to spread awareness of the symptoms of Breast Cancer, and educate women about the screening tests available, so that women can be treated effectively with maximum cure rates.