A rare but emerging health condition in children and adolescent is Juvenile Osteoporosis. A condition which can be primary (with a genetic predisposition) or secondary (due to underlying disease). Osteoporosis is a known medical disorder with deficient bone health. The bone mineral density decreases predisposing the individual for fractures and deformities especially in growing children. The diagnosis criteria are redefined for children and adolescent, and are based on history of fractures involving long bones and the result of bone mineral densitometry.
Evidence based studies lack in this aspect of paediatric condition. The lacunae should be filled with studies based on prevention and treatment for it. Till date the components of prevention and treatment relies upon good nutrition, supervised exercise programs and pharmacological therapies. The diet should be well composed of Calcium and Vitamin D containing products as well as supplements, if required. An early onset of well supervised exercise programme has shown proven benefits for growing bones. The early weight bearing exercised with functional conditioning is an essential component of rehabilitation program. In addition to the scheduled exercise regime, the outdoor sports play a vital role in strengthening the musculoskeletal system, of course taking heed of traumatic situations. In those who suffer from consequences of osteoporosis, a through medical management is required with various therapeutic regimes.
An effective treatment should be a multidisciplinary approach followed with an annual densitometry. Early commencement of physical activity in life helps enhancing bone growth and density.