What is Dandruff?Basically, dandruff is when your scalp sheds dead skin cells faster than usual, resulting in those noticeable white or yellowish flakes in your hair and on your shoulders. It can often be accompanied by itching.Common Causes:It's not usually about poor hygiene, although not washing your hair often enough can make it more obvious. The main culprits are often:Dry Skin: Especially common during dry weather (like winter months here in Kolkata sometimes, or if you use a lot of air conditioning). The flakes are usually small and not oily.Oily, Irritated Skin (Seborrheic Dermatitis): This is a very common cause. It affects areas rich in oil glands, like the scalp, face, and chest. The flakes are often yellowish and greasy, and the scalp might look red.A Fungus called Malassezia: This yeast-like fungus lives on most adults' scalps without causing problems. But sometimes it can overgrow, irritating the scalp and causing excess skin cells to shed.Sensitivity to Hair Care Products (Contact Dermatitis): Certain ingredients in shampoos, conditioners, or styling products can irritate the scalp and cause redness, itching, and flaking.Other Skin Conditions: Conditions like psoriasis or eczema can also manifest on the scalp and cause dandruff-like symptoms.