Tooth decay is rampantly seen in children owing to their diet as well as inability to maintain oral hygiene, thus these two remain the most important contributing factors responsible for tooth decay. It is observed however, that these are not the sole responsible factors; the microbial colonies present in the oral cavity also play a pivotal role. 

    Many a times it has been observed that even though the intake of starchy food is less and oral hygiene is been maintained but nevertheless caries are present.  Such incidences are frequently attributed to microbes present in the oral cavity. 

    Microbial biofilm also commonly called plaque is strongly adherent to tooth structures. Plaque is where the microbes thrive and grow microbial colonies. Efforts taken in order to maintain a balanced environment in oral cavity by reducing the plaque formation and in turn reducing the microbial load should be the aim of caries control regimes.

    Few methods of reducing plaque formation are:

  1. Decrease the intake of acidic food such as carbonated drinks, acidic fruit juices, drinks are responsible for dissolution of outer layer of tooth called as enamel. Make sure your child eats a well-balanced diet. Limit snacks that are sticky and high in sugars. These include chips, candy, cookies, and cake.
  2. Introducing use of mouth wash and oral rinses early on.
  3. Using fluoridated toothpaste.
  4. Inculcating oral hygiene habits such as brushing twice a day.
  5. Prevent the transfer of bacteria from your mouth to your child's. Don't share eating utensils. And don’t clean your baby’s pacifier with your saliva.
  6. Schedule routine dental checkup.
  7. If your child uses a bottle at bedtime, only put water in it. Juice or formula contain sugars that can lead to tooth decay.
  8. Floss your child’s teeth daily after age 2.