Introduction
SEXOLOGY:
Sexology is a Scientific Study of Human Sexuality including sexual interest behavior and functions. It also includes sexual development and the development of sexual relationships .Researchers apply tools from several fields like Biology, Medicine, Psychology, Statistics, Epidemiology, Sociology, Anthropology, criminology in Sex:
Sex refers to biological and physiological characteristics that define males and females. Sex is also used to mean sexual activity.
GENDER: Gender refers to socially constructed roles, behaviors, activities, and attributes that a given society considers appropriate for men and women as masculine and feminine.
GENDER IDENTITY: Gender Identity is an individual’s private and personal perception of being male or female.
GENDER ROLE: Gender role is an individual’s outward expression of maleness or femaleness in social settings.
SEXUALITY: Sexuality in thinking, feeling, and behavior as a man or as a woman regarding sex. It is a dimension of the personality of an individual concerning to sex.
SEXUALORIENTATION: Preference for sexual partners of the same sex (Homosexual), of the opposite sex (heterosexual),or of either sex (Bisexual).
LOVE MAP:A love map is a mental pattern expressed in every individual’s sex-erotic fantasy and practice. It is developed before the age of eight years and is executed after puberty. Children get their love map by engaging in sexual rehearsal play. When the play is not interfered with by parents, teachers then the love map develops heterosexuals.
SEXUAL HEALTH: Sexual health is a state of physical, mental, and social well-being about sexuality. It requires a positive and respectful approach to sexuality and sexual relationships and possibility of having pleasurable and safe sexual experiences, free from coercion, discrimination, and violence. W.H.O:
The concept of Sexual Health includes three basic elements:
1. Capacity to enjoy and control sexual and reproductive behavior by social and personal ethics.
2. Freedom from fear, shame, guilt, false beliefs, and other psychological factors inhibiting sexual response and impairing sexual relationships.
3. Freedom from organic disorders, diseases, and deficiencies that interfere with sexual and reproductive functions.
REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH: Reproductive Health is defined as a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity, in all matters related to the reproductive system and its functions and processes.
1. A Satisfying and safe sex life free from the fear of disease and free from coercion and violence.
2. The Capacity to reproduce and the freedom to decide if, when, and how often to do so; that is, access to both infertility services on the one hand and contraceptive services on the other
3. Access to safe, effective, affordable, and acceptable methods of family planning of their choice.
4. Access to safe and affordable abortion facilities.
5. Safe child-bearing.
6. Access to services for prevention and care of reproductive health problems; both gynecologically and obstetric.
7. Special attention to Adolescents’ Reproductive Health.
SEXUAL RIGHTS:· The rights to all persons, free of coercion ,discrimination, and violence.· The highest attainable standard of sexual health, including access to sexual and reproductive health care services.· Seek, receive, and impart information related to Sexuality.·
Sexuality Education.· Respect for bodily integrity.· Choose their partner.· Decide to be sexually active or not.· Consensual sexual relations.· Consensual marriage.· Decide whether or not, and when to have children.· Pursue a satisfying, safe, and pleasurable sexual life.
The International Planned Parenthood (IPPF) Charter on SEXUAL & REPRODUCTIVE RIGHTS· Right to Life- To protect a woman whose life is currently endangered the y pregnancy.·
Right to liberty and security of the person- To protect women currently at risk from genital mutilation, or subject to forced pregnancy, sterilization, or abortion.·
Right to equality, and to be free from all forms of discrimination- To protect the right of all people, regardless of race, color, sex, sexual orientation, marital status, family position, age, language, religion, etc. To equal access to information, education, and services related to development, and sexual and reproductive health.·
Right to Privacy- To protect the right of all clients of sexual and reproductive health care information, education, and services to a degree of privacy and confidentiality.·
Right to freedom of thought- The right of all persons to access education and information related to their sexual and reproductive health free from restrictions on grounds of thought, conscience, and religion.·
Right to information & education- The right of all persons to access full information on the benefits, risks, and effectiveness of methods of fertility regulation.· Right to choose whether or not to marry and found and plan a family-To protect all persons against any marriage entered into without the full, free, and informed consent of both partners.·
Right to decide whether or when to have children- The right of all persons to health care services for safe, effective, and acceptable methods of fertility regulation, and are accessible, affordable, acceptable, and convenient.·
Right to health care and health protection- The right to be free from traditional practices that are harmful to health.·
Right to the benefits of scientific progress- To access available reproductive health care technology.· Right to freedom of assembly and political participation-To right to form an association that aims to promote sexual and reproductive health and rights.·
Right to be free from torture and ill-treatment- The right to be free from torture and inhuman or degrading treatment, to protect children, women, and men from all forms of sexual violence, exploitation, and abuse.