You can take protein. But a healthy and balanced diet is enough.
⢠Do not âeat for twoâ. Most women do not need any extra calories during the first six months of pregnancy. It is only in the last 12 weeks that they need to eat a little more, and then only an extra 200 calories a day, which is roughly the same as two slices of bread.
⢠Do not try dieting in pregnancy to reduce weight. Dieting can harm your baby.
⢠If you have allergy to any food, avoid it.
⢠Base your meals on starchy foods such as potatoes, bread, rice and pasta, choosing wholegrain if possible. These foods are satisfying without containing too many calories.
⢠Eat at least 5 portions of different fruit and vegetables every day rather than foods that are higher in fat and calories. Potatoes do not count towards your five-a-day target.
⢠Eat a low-fat diet and donât increase the number of calories you eat. Avoid drinks that are high in added sugars, other foods such as sweets, cakes and biscuits that have a high fat or
sugar content and fried food.
⢠Eat fibre-rich foods such as oats, beans, lentils, grains and seeds, as well as wholegrain bread, brown rice and wholemeal pasta.
⢠Eat some protein every day; choose lean meat, and try to eat two portions of fish a week. Lentils, beans and tofu are also a good source of protein.
⢠Eat no more than two portions of oily fish, such as mackerel or salmon, a week. Heavy metals preent in them can harm the baby.
⢠Avoid eating tuna, shark, swordfish or marlin.
⢠Eat dairy foods for
calcium but choose low-fat varieties such as skimmed milk or low-fat yogurt.
⢠AVOID eating foods such as
liver and liver products like pâté which are rich in
vitamin A
⢠Always take breakfast.
⢠Limit your caffeine intake to 200 milligrams (mg) per day, for example two mugs of instant coffee. Be aware that other drinks such as tea and energy drinks also contain caffeine.
⢠Use fresh food rather than processed food, if possible.
⢠There is no scientific evidence to suggest that papaya or pineapple can be harmful. If you want to eat them you should eat. If you feel you do not want to take chance, avoid them.
⢠Please do NOT ask about individual fruits and vegetables to your doctor. Itâs NOT possible to comment.
1.2 Food supplements
⢠Folic acid, calcium and iron supplementations are usually advised.
⢠You can take other supplements like protein supplements, although most of them are NOT required, if you take healthy and balanced diet.
⢠Avoid taking supplements that contain liver products like cod liver oil, which are rich in vitamin A. High dose of vitamin A increases the risk of birth defects.
⢠In some women,
vitamin D and other supplements may be required and will be advised accordingly. Please do NOT take them, unless advised.
1.3 Avoiding food borne infections
Some food borne infections like Listeria, Salmonella, Toxoplasma may be harmful for you and may cause birth defects in the baby
⢠Drink only pasteurized and UHT (ultra heat treated) milk
⢠Wash hands before handling food
⢠Thoroughly wash all fruit and vegetables, including ready-prepared salads, before eating
⢠Wear gloves and wash hands after handling soil and gardening
⢠Avoid
1. raw or partially cooked meat (like Kababs and pâté of any sort)
2. raw or partially cooked eggs or food that may contain them (like mayonnaise)
3. uncooked or undercooked ready-prepared meals. (Thoroughly cook them- as per instruction).
4. ripened soft cheese (there is no risk with hard cheeses and processed cheese)
⢠Take care of drinking water as hepatitis A and hepatitis E can be transmitted through water. Hepatitis E infection can be fatal in pregnancy.
1.4 Smoking, alcohol, recreational drugs
⢠Alcohol- Itâs better to avoid drinking totally first 3 months of pregnancy, otherwise there is increased risk of birth defect and miscarriage. Although there is uncertainty about the safe level of alcohol in pregnancy, 1-2 units once/ twice a week is unlikely to harm the baby. Getting drunk or binge drinking (more than 5 standard drinks on a single occasion) must be avoided.
⢠Smoking- Both active and passive smoking at any stage of pregnancy increases the risk of low birth weight, preterm labour and placenta abruption. Stopping smoking at any stage of pregnancy can be helpful. Nicotene replacement therapy (NRT) can be considered after discussion with the specialist. Please ask your partner not to smoke in front of you.
⢠Cocaine use may lead to fetal death, IUGR and abruption and should be stopped.
⢠Cannabis use may be harmful and therefore, should be avoided.