Hey. What you're decriving looks like calculus deposits.
Calculus is hard debris of bacteria, saliva and food products that form around your teeth near your gums if proper oral hygiene is not maintained. The bacteria in the calculus is causing your gums to get swollem and painful.
Please get an ultrasonic scaling done.
Ultrasonic scaling is recommended once every 6 months. To prevent further calculus buildup it is recommended to brush twice a daily and use a floss daily.
Next Steps
Get uktrasonic scaling done
Health Tips
Brush twice daily and floss regularly