Upper-GI endoscopy can detect H. pylori only when gastric biopsies are taken for rapid urease testing or histopathology; visualization alone cannot confirm it. Routine endoscopy does not diagnose SIBO. SIBO is usually assessed with a glucose or lactulose hydrogen–methane breath test; small-bowel aspirate culture during endoscopy is invasive and rarely required
Ferritin 22 ng/mL suggests reduced iron stores, while
vitamin B12 202 pg/mL is borderline low. “Serum iron 38” cannot be interpreted without units, TIBC and transferrin saturation. H. pylori can contribute to iron/B12 deficiency, and SIBO may reduce B12 absorption, but these results do not prove either condition
Next Steps
Consult a physician or gastroenterologist. Consider:
CBC with MCV/MCH,
ferritin, TIBC and transferrin saturation
Repeat
B12 with folate; methylmalonic acid if available
TSH for hair thinning
H. pylori stool-antigen or urea-breath test before endoscopy, unless alarm symptoms are present
SIBO breath testing only if there is persistent bloating, diarrhoea, abdominal discomfort or clear risk factors
Health Tips
Stop PPIs approximately 2 weeks and antibiotics/bismuth 4 weeks before H. pylori breath or stool testing, after confirming with your doctor, to reduce false-negative results
Seek urgent evaluation if chest heaviness is exertional or associated with breathlessness, sweating, fainting, arm/jaw pain, or if there is difficulty swallowing, vomiting, black stools, weight loss or significant anaemia