Routine Urine Analysis Microscopy Random Urine

This test helps to diagnose kidney diseases, liver diseases, urinary tract infections, yeast infections, viral infections, parasitic infections, prostate infections, reactions to certain medicines, or cancers, etc.

What is urine?

Urine is a waste product produced by kidneys. Kidneys help in filtering the wastes from the blood and in regulating the water quantity in the body. Kidneys also regulate the balance of electrolytes, proteins, and other compounds in the body. The unwanted waste is eliminated through urine, which comes from kidneys through ureters into the bladder and then to the urethra.

Why this test is performed?

Microscopic urinalysis test is used to detect urinary tract infections, blood cells, bacteria, parasites, crystals, cells from tumors, etc, in the urine. This test is performed by taking a sample and examining it under the microscope. This test is used alongside other tests to add supportive evidence for the diagnosis. The other tests include testing for glucose, bilirubin, protein, checking the color and odor of urine, measuring the solid substances level in the urine, and checking the acid levels in the urine, etc. This test is also performed as a part of a regular health check-up such as during pregnancy, pre-surgery, or during hospital admission, etc.

This test may be recommended to you if experience symptoms like back pain, abdominal pain, pain while urinating, frequent urination, or urgency to urinate, etc.

Pathology test parameters:

• RBC
• Epithelial cells
• Pus cells
• Casts
• Crystals
• Others

Precautions:

Some medicines like ampicillin, cyclosporine, sulfamethoxazole, cisplatin, acetaminophen overdose, an overdose of salicylate, etc, may interfere with your test results. The results are also disturbed due to dyes used in imaging tests, menstrual blood, vaginal medicines, seizures, stroke, or alcoholism, etc.

The normal test results may vary depending on gender, age, or health history, etc.

The microscopic urinalysis test results may have many interpretations. Abnormal test results indicate that there might be a problem and need further investigation such as;

• Increase in the number of red blood cells in the urine may indicate urinary tract infection, kidney disease like glomerulonephritis (inflammation of kidney due to an immune response), reaction to a drug or cancer.
• Increase in the amount of a certain type of kidney cells may indicate kidney damage.
• Increase in the number of eosinophils may indicate urinary tract problems.
• Increase in the number of white blood cells may indicate an infection or inflammation of the urinary tract.
• crystals which are abnormally formed by amino acids and some medicines can be an indication of many health problems.
• Increase in cast cells may indicate acute interstitial nephritis (swelling in between kidney tubules) or pyelonephritis(a severe infection of the kidney due to bacterial infection).
• Increase in the fatty casts and free fat may indicate nephrotic syndrome (damage of blood vessels in the kidney) or other glomerular diseases associated with proteinuria. Granular casts are also observed in proteinuria.

If you receive abnormal test results, consult your doctor immediately. Your doctor may recommend further tests, treatments, or lifestyle modifications based on your test results.