Islet Cell Antigen 512 Antibodies Elisa Blood

Islet cell antigen (ICA) 512 is a receptor-tyrosine phosphatase-like protein associated with the secretory granules of neuroendocrine cells. ICA-512 is also known as protein tyrosine phosphatase-IA2 (PTP-IA2) or tyrosine phosphatase (IA2). It is an autoantigen of type 1 diabetes. This is NOT the same as pancreatic islet cell. Studies on type-1 diabetic patient’s relatives found that the development of one or more islet autoantibodies (including IA-2 antibody) was an early indicator of the relatives’ progression to type-1 diabetes. Autoantibody profiles identifying patients destined to develop type-1 diabetes are usually detectable before age three. One study found that for relatives seropositive for IA-2 antibody, the likelihood of developing type-1 diabetes mellitus within five-years was 65.3%. Some type-1 diabetic patients are originally diagnosed as having type-2 diabetes due to symptom onset in adulthood, societal obesity, and initial insulin-independence. Detection of one or more islet auto-antibodies (including IA-2) may be used to distinguish these patients with "latent autoimmune diabetes" from type-2 diabetics.