Cd3 Cd4 Immunohistochemistry Bone Marrow

The CD used in lymphocyte nomenclature, is a protein expressed on the cells of hematopoietic system. Cells with different functions express different CD molecules. For instance, CD3 cells are total T lymphocytes, while CD4 cells are T-helper cells, and over 300 CD molecules have so far been reported. The effector, memory and immunoregulatory roles of CD4 T lymphocytes (CD4 T cells) have been variously described, especially in this era of unfortunate HIV/AIDS challenge. It has also been established for years that CD4 T cells play critical roles in the functioning of B cells and effective responses of CD8 T cells. Moreover, the role of CD4 T cells in cancer immunotherapy and in the control of autoimmunity is gaining increased attention. The CD3 and CD4 T cell count alongside other immunological parameters are critical in monitoring immune function, and the CD4 T cell subset is used as standard for assessing the progression of disease, when to initiate cART, chemoprophylaxis for opportunistic infections and general decisions on cART regimen. There is usually an inverse correlation between CD4 T cell count and disease progression. CD4 T cell count, which declines in HIV-1 infected patients by 60 to >100 cells/mm3 per year, is a valid independent predictor of disease stage.