Keyhole spine techniques like PELD has revolutionised spine surgery

Introduction:

Back pain caused by herniated discs can be debilitating and significantly affect our quality of life. Fortunately, medical advancements have led to various minimally invasive surgical techniques, including Percutaneous Endoscopic Lumbar Discectomy (PELD). In this article, we will explore the PELD procedure, its benefits, and how it is performed to alleviate pain and restore mobility.

What is PELD Surgery?

PELD surgery is a minimally invasive procedure performed to treat herniated discs in the lumbar spine (lower back). It involves removing the damaged or protruding portion of the disc that is pressing on the nerves and causing pain and discomfort. PELD surgery offers several advantages over traditional open back surgery, including smaller incisions, reduced tissue damage, faster recovery, and minimal scarring.

Procedure Overview:

1. Anesthesia: 

PELD surgery is usually performed under local or general anesthesia, depending on the patient's condition and the surgeon's preference. Your healthcare team will determine the most suitable option for you.

2. Incision and Entry: A small incision, typically less than 1 cm in size, is made near the affected disc. The surgeon inserts a guide needle through the incision, guided by fluoroscopy or real-time X-ray imaging, to reach the target area.

3. Dilating the Tissues: Using a series of dilators, the surgeon creates a path through the muscles and tissues surrounding the spine. This gradual dilation minimizes tissue damage and helps create a tunnel to access the herniated disc.

4. Endoscope Insertion: Once the desired access is achieved, a thin tube called an endoscope is inserted through the dilated pathway. The endoscope contains a camera and specialized instruments, allowing the surgeon to visualize and manipulate the affected disc.

5. Nerve Decompression: With the assistance of the endoscope, the surgeon carefully removes the herniated or damaged portion of the disc that is compressing the nerve roots. This decompression helps alleviate pain and restores normal nerve function.

6. Closure: After completing the necessary repairs, the endoscope is removed, and the incision is closed using sutures or adhesive strips. In some cases, no sutures are needed due to the small size of the incision.

Benefits of PELD Surgery:

PELD surgery offers several advantages over traditional open back surgery, including:

1. Minimally Invasive: PELD surgery involves small incisions, resulting in less trauma to the surrounding tissues and muscles. This leads to reduced postoperative pain and a faster recovery period.

2. Shorter Hospital Stay: PELD surgery is usually performed on an outpatient basis or with a shorter hospital stay compared to open surgery, allowing patients to return home sooner.

3. Quicker Recovery: The minimally invasive nature of PELD surgery promotes a faster recovery, enabling patients to resume their daily activities and work more quickly.

4. Reduced Scarring: The small incisions used in PELD surgery result in minimal scarring, making it cosmetically preferable for many patients.

Conclusion:

Percutaneous Endoscopic Lumbar Discectomy (PELD) surgery is a minimally invasive procedure that offers an effective solution for treating herniated discs in the lower back. By removing the damaged portion of the disc, PELD surgery can alleviate pain, restore mobility, and improve the overall quality of life for patients. If you are experiencing symptoms related to a herniated disc, consult with a qualified spine specialist to determine if PELD surgery is a suitable option for you. Remember, each patient's condition is unique, and your healthcare provider will guide you through the best treatment approach based on your specific needs.

Dr. Sayuj Krishnan S

Consultant Neurosurgeon

Yashoda Hospital, Hyderabad, Telangana, India

Address:3rd Floor, OPD Block, Yashoda Hospital

Nalgonda X Roads, Malakpet, Hyderabad

Google Maps link: https://maps.app.goo.gl/MUajw3pbAGnmNKnG6

Previous Experience: Consultant Neurosurgeon, Apollo Hospitals, Kochi, Kerala

Qualifications: MBBS, DNB Neurosurgery (Direct 6 years) (AIMS, Kochi)

Fellowship in Minimally Invasive and Advanced Spine Surgery

Observership in Full Endoscopic Spine Surgery (Germany)