What is common about these disorders is that they are all anal malformations. The anus is the last orifice through which stool is excreted. It is 4-5 cm long. The terminal part of the anus contains sensitive nerves, which are surrounded by blood vessels. In the central part there are several anal glands. Now that we are aware of the structure of the anus, let us look at the various disorders related to it.
Piles – also called piles, are swollen veins in the terminal part of the anus.
Affects 75% of the population by the age of 50commonly seen in pregnancycan be internal or externalSymptoms – Bleeding after bowel movement or blood in stoolSometimes blood clots around the anus causing external hemorrhoidsMost often it gets better on its own before symptoms appear.Chronic constipation, due to difficult bowel movements
Fissure – This is a cut or crack around the anus that is very painful.
There are times when you put too much pressure to have a bowel movement.There may be blood or pus if infectedMay be caused by constipation, diarrhea, or heavy exercisemostly affects age groups above 50Can be divided into two forms, acute and chronicAcute fissures can be easily cured with fiber rich diet and medicine.Chronic is difficult to manage and may recur.
Fistula – There are anal glands in the central part of the anus, which get infected due to which further abscess on the anus, due to which pus starts coming out. The fistula is the passageway connecting the infected gland to the abscess.
It can be caused by radiation, cancer, warts, trauma, Crohn's disease etc.It may also be linked to obesity and prolonged sittingPus coming from the mouth, can be recognized as swollen, painful and redcan be treated with antibiotics.
Piles are mainly swollen blood vessels, whereas fissures are a type of cut or crack and fistula is the opening of a cavity.Piles are mostly painless and tend to disappear from attention. Lives a lot in Fisher. In fistula there is discharge of pus from the anal area.Apart from constipation which is commonly associated with all three, piles is also associated with pregnancy and persistent cough. Fissures are associated with diarrhea and excessive straining during bowel movements.
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