Recurring mouth "boils" are typically one of two things: aphthous ulcers (canker sores) or dental abscesses. Distinguishing between them is critical because their treatments are very different.
Since "boil" is a general term, here is a breakdown of what might be happening, ranging from common
vitamin deficiencies to infections.
1. Is it an Ulcer or an Abscess?
Mouth Ulcer (Canker Sore): These are shallow, open sores. They usually have a white or yellow center with a bright red border. They are painful when you eat or talk but are generally harmless.
Dental Abscess (Gum Boil): This looks like a pimple or a fluid-filled bubble on the gum. It is often caused by a bacterial infection at the tooth root. This is serious and requires a dentist.
Mucocele: A painless, fluid-filled cyst (often on the inner lip) caused by a blocked salivary gland.
2. Common Causes of Recurring Ulcers (Canker Sores)
If you are suffering from recurrent aphthous stomatitis (chronic ulcers), it is often due to one of the following underlying factors:
A. Nutritional Deficiencies
This is the most common hidden cause. Even if you eat well, your body might not be absorbing these nutrients:
Vitamin B12: Deficiency is a leading cause of recurrent ulcers.
Iron: Anemia often manifests as mouth sores before other symptoms.
Folate (Folic Acid) & Zinc: Low levels can weaken the oral lining.
B. "Mechanical" Triggers
Toothpaste Ingredients: Many commercial toothpastes contain Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (SLS), a foaming agent that strips the protective lining of the mouth, triggering ulcers in sensitive people.
Trauma: Accidental cheek biting, sharp tooth edges, or braces.
C. Dietary Sensitivities
Acidic Foods: Citrus fruits, pineapples, or tomatoes.
Allergens: Chocolate, coffee, nuts, or gluten (in people with sensitivities).
D. Hormonal & Stress Factors
High cortisol (stress) creates an inflammatory response.
Hormonal fluctuations (menstruation/menopause) are common triggers.
3. Underlying Medical Conditions
If the sores are frequent (coming back as soon as the previous ones heal), they can sometimes be a "red flag" for systemic issues:
Celiac Disease / Crohn’s Disease: Gut health is directly linked to the mouth. Malabsorption in the gut leads to the vitamin deficiencies mentioned above.
Autoimmune Conditions: Rare conditions like Behcet’s disease or Lupus can cause chronic oral sores.
Immune System Dip: Recovering from a cold or flu can trigger an outbreak.