I am Dr. Shamoon. From what you describe - severe constipation in the days before your periods and now a visible bump at the anal margin - the most likely explanations are an external haemorrhoid (pile) or a perianal skin tag, and less commonly a sentinel tag sitting at the outer end of an anal fissure. Your history actually explains itself rather neatly: in the premenstrual phase progesterone slows bowel transit, stools become hard, and the straining that follows is exactly what engorges the anal cushions or tears the anal lining. If the bump is soft, bluish and appeared suddenly with severe pain, it suggests a thrombosed pile; if it is a painless soft flap of skin, it is likely a tag; if passing stool feels like passing glass with a few drops of fresh blood, a fissure is the cause. To answer your direct question: this is not a dangerous or emergency problem, but it does need a doctor to actually look at it - a photograph, even a clear one, cannot replace a proper perianal examination, and I would not want you to treat it blindly. The specialist to see is a general surgeon or proctologist; a physician can start you off and refer if needed. The good news is that at this stage almost all of these settle with constipation control alone, and surgery is rarely required if you act now.
Next Steps
1) Book an in-person examination with a general surgeon or proctologist - a 2-minute look, and if needed a proctoscopy, will tell you exactly whether it is a pile, tag or fissure. Do not decide from a photo. 2) Attack the constipation, which is the real culprit: 25-30 g fibre daily (whole grains, dals, salads, papaya, guava, soaked raisins, 2 soaked figs or prunes at night), 2.5-3 litres of water, and a fibre supplement such as isabgol 1-2 teaspoons in warm water or milk at bedtime, especially in the week before your period. 3) Start it BEFORE the period each month, not after the constipation begins. 4) Sitz baths: sit in a tub of plain warm water for 10-15 minutes, twice or thrice a day and after passing stool - this alone dramatically relieves pain and swelling. 5) Never strain or sit on the toilet for more than 3-4 minutes, and do not read your phone there. Use a low stool under your feet to squat-position. 6) Keep the area clean and dry - wash with water rather than rubbing with dry tissue. 7) Walk 30 minutes daily. 8) Avoid self-medicating with random pile ointments or strong laxatives; if pain is severe, plain paracetamol is fine. 9) Please also get haemoglobin checked if you have seen any bleeding. Happy to review your photo and guide you privately on a Practo consult, or examine you at Synergy Multispeciality Hospital, Miraj.
Health Tips
See a doctor urgently if the lump becomes very painful, hard and bluish, if there is heavy or repeated bleeding, pus discharge, fever, inability to pass stool or urine, or if the swelling comes out and cannot be pushed back. At 42, any change in bowel habit lasting over 3-4 weeks, unexplained weight loss, or dark/black or mixed-in blood must be evaluated properly and not assumed to be piles.