D.O., Doctor of Osteopathic Medicine - Des Moines University College of Osteopathic Medicine, 1976
Medical School - Des Moines University College of Osteopathic Medicine, 1976
Medical School - University of Osteopathic Medicine and Health Science, 1976
Internship - Cooper University Hospital, 1977
Internship - Cooper Hospital-University Med Ctr, 1977
Residency in Internal Medicine - Cooper University Hospital, 1979
Residency in Internal Medicine - Cooper Hospital-University Med Ctr, 1979
Fellowship in Nephrology & Hypertension - Hospital Metropolitano, 1981
Fellowship in Nephrology-Hypertension - Cooper Hospital-University Med Ctr, 1981
Fellowship 2 - Metropolitan Hospital Parkview, 1981
Medical Education - Des Moines University College of Osteopathic Medicine, 1976
Internship - Cooper Hospital University Medical Center, 1977
Residency - ID - Cooper Hospital University Medical Center, 1979
Fellowship 2 - Cooper University Hospital, 1981
Residency - ID - Metropolitan Hospital - Central Division, 1979
Fellowship in Nephrology - Metropolitan Hospital - Central Division, 1981