It sounds like you are suffering from abrasion of the teeth. A common reason for this is the use of an incorrect brushing technique. You can learn the correct technique by watching youtube videos about the same.
Once the damage is done, you might need to get fillings done at the dentist's, without which the wear will continue to occur.
There are other treatments available for dentin sensitivity which your dentist can recommend after a clinical evaluation.
Health Tips
Most dentists recommend Vantej toothpaste. Whichever paste you use can take upto a month or more to show effects.