It's mostly alopecia aereata, which is an auto immune disease, that causes sudden patch of hair loss. It's reversible and resolves spontaneously after around 6 months to 1 year. But before that, new patches might occur or the present patch might increase in size for which you need to get treated and prevent from increase in the size of lesion.
Dandruff(seborrheic dermatitis) is separately another condition, which varies from mild to severe form and needs to treated to prevent diffuse hairfall.
Next Steps
consult now with me online for proper prescription of medicine
Health Tips
HAIR CARE for mild dandruff:
use Dove anti dandruff shampoo daily over wet scalp (not just hair) for 3-5 minutes and wash with plain water. dry your hair completely in sunlight only after bath. Do not rub your hair while washing/drying hair.
Do not apply oil immediately after taking bath.
do not try any cream by yourself for patchy hair loss, as sometimes they cause contact dermatitis and damages scalp