If
fasting blood sugar level is detected to be high during pregnancy, an oral glucose tolerance test is done, that is fasting sugar, followed by oral intake of 75 g glucose, after which sugar test is repeated at 1 hr and 2hr. If sugars are still high as per the cutoff in pregnancy, management will depend on how high the sugars are and what trimester of pregnancy is ongoing. We start with diabetic diet and retest sugars, if controlled on diet, it is continued. If not, medicines can be introduced, oral and/or insulin as per sugar control.
Next Steps
Anomaly scan, that is the scan done for detecting any malformations is to be done carefully, as there is increased risk of central nervous system and cardiovascular system malformations in diabetic mothers, more in those who have
diabetes before pregnancy. Fetal 2D echo scan should be done to look for the cardiovascular system around 24 weeks. Folic acid supplements are to be taken properly in such cases, started at least 1-3 months before conceiving and continued throughout pregnancy. This prevents central nervous system malformations.
Health Tips
Sugars should be monitored regularly in all three trimesters. Doppler ultrasound is to be done in the third trimester along with basic obstetric ultrasound to look for blood flow to the baby, baby weight is to be monitored, daily baby movements should be watched for and kick count should be maintained after 28 weeks, baby heart rate monitoring should be done after 32 weeks, all this to be done for well being of the baby