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Gynaecology is the medical specialization that deals with the female reproductive system. Hence, a Gynaecologist is a doctor who specializes in the health and the problems of the female reproductive system that includes the vagina, ovaries, uterus and breasts. Additionally, gynaecologists are also trained in Obstetrics and hence can deal with pregnancy and child birth too.

Where a Gynaecologist deals with the health and wellbeing of the female reproductive system, an Obstetrician specializes in pregnancy, childbirth and postpartum care. A Gynaecologist is trained in Obstetrics too. Hence, when a woman is pregnant, she can either consult a Gynaecologist or an Obstetrician, but for issues related to the female reproductive system, she should consult with a Gynaecologist.

Gynaecologist:

1. Dilation and Curettage (D&C) – The uterine lining is removed either by suction or with a curette.
2. Hysteroscopy– A hysteroscopy treats minor conditions inside the uterus in a non-invasive manner.

Obstetrician:

1. Normal delivery - An Obstetrician helps in childbirth.
2. C-section – In case of any complications, the Obstetrician operates on the patient to ensure safe childbirth.

Yes, a Gynaecologist/Obstetrician is trained to deal with infertility and related health issues in women. Consulting a Gynaecologist can be a great way to understand and evaluate the reason for infertility and explore the various avenues of treatment available. In case of infertility in women, you should consult with your Gynaecologist/Obstetrician, who will then refer to a specialist if required.

In general, females are advised to visit their Gynaecologist/Obstetrician at least once a year. Annual exams include a number of preventive health screening procedures that can help you keep a tab on your reproductive health and are also advantageous in identifying serious health problems in initial stages. Pregnant women should consult their Gynaecologist/Obstetrician at least three times during pregnancy.