It's a very vague question. The odds of a person dying on table are the same as for any other surgery.
Prior to surgery a thorough examination and clearance from the concerned physician /treating doctor for any cardiac/respiratory condition, blood pressure and
diabetes is needed. Which is usually obtained by all doctors for the obvious reasons... No one wants to put the patient at risk.
The risks of anesthesia are another set of things which also have a bearing on the patient's condition during and after the surgery.
Although the retinal detachment surgery itself cannot cause death.
Next Steps
Before surgery all the medical conditions and medications have to be clearly informed to the operating doctor so that they can chart out the type of anesthesia and surgery.
Hope this clears your doubts