Spitting up milk after feeds, even with burping, is very common at this age and usually isn't a concern if your baby is otherwise gaining weight well and seems comfortable. The curd-like look just means the milk has partly digested in the stomach. Putting fingers in the mouth around 4 to 5 months is often teething or self-soothing, not related to the spit-up.
Next Steps
Keep feeds slightly smaller and more frequent, hold your baby upright for 15 to 20 minutes after each feed, and burp midway through too, not just at the end.
Health Tips
See your pediatrician soon if the vomiting becomes forceful or frequent, your baby refuses feeds, isn't gaining weight, or seems uncomfortable or arches during feeds.