A range of factors can affect how the hypothalamus works and cause amenorrhoea, including:
emotional stress
losing weight
exercising too much
certain medication used to treat mental health conditions
disorders of the endocrine system, such as hypothyroidism (an underactive
thyroid gland).
Some women are more at risk of amenorrhoea caused by stress and losing weight.
Other disorders that can cause amenorrhoea include:
Polycystic ovarian syndrome – the ovaries develop clusters of blister-like cysts. Symptoms include irregular periods and a lot of hair growth. Women with polycystic ovarian syndrome are more at risk of amenorrhoea when they put on weight.
Hyperandrogenaemia – the body makes high levels of male sex hormones, which can affect the reproductive system. This can be caused by tumours of the ovary or adrenal gland, or certain conditions present at birth.
Hyperprolactinaemia – the body makes high levels of the breastfeeding hormone
prolactin. Levels rise because the pituitary gland may be overactive or there may be a tumour on the gland.
Ovarian failure or early menopause – low levels of oestrogen cause ovulation to stop, which stops the menstrual cycle.
Abnormalities of the vagina – a sealed hymen, for example, can stop menstrual blood from leaving the vagina. This is a rare condition and symptoms include a swollen abdomen, delayed periods and abdominal pain.
Next Steps
Treatment for amenorrhoea depends on the cause. If the cause is losing a lot of weight or exercising too much, treatment will include encouraging the woman to have a healthier body weight.
Other treatment options can include losing weight (if overweight) and managing the underlying disorder
Health Tips
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