Heart disease in young people
The likelihood of dying from heart disease in young people doubles with every 40 point increase in total cholesterol.
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Cholesterol is a fat-like substance that is found in every cell of the body. Waxy in texture, cholesterol is essential to produce hormones, vitamin D, and substances that help you digest foods.
Cholesterol is carried through your bloodstream by carriers made of fat (lipid) and proteins called lipoproteins.
Healthy cholesterol levels in the body can protect against heart attack and stroke. However, as the saying goes too much of a good thing is bad, similarly, too much of cholesterol is bad. Too much of cholesterol can lead to a heart attack or stroke.
Cholesterol test
Your cholesterol levels can help your doctor determine the risk you face from a heart attack or stroke. Along with your cholesterol levels, your doctor also checks other factors as well, which include:
Normal LDL cholesterol levels should be less than 100 mg/dL. A reading of 130 to 159 mg/dL is borderline high and160 to 189 mg/dL is high.
Cholesterol is carried through your bloodstream by carriers made of fat (lipid) and proteins called lipoproteins.
There are two types of lipoproteins:
If there is too much LDL cholesterol in the blood, it accumulates along the walls of your blood vessels or arteries it can slowly build in the arteries and makes them narrower.
As cholesterol deposits accumulate, the arteries harden and grow further narrower. The hardening does not allow them to dilate to the fullest capacity, thus, restricting the blood flow to the heart.
At times the cholesterol deposit or plaque can completely block the arteries, which can result in heart attack or heart failure. The plaque also tends to burst, forming blood clots, which block the blood flow to the heart. This can cause chest pain, also known as angina, or a heart attack.
High blood cholesterol is caused by a number of factors which include:
Some people are more prone to high cholesterol levels than others. They include:
The symptoms of high cholesterol levels include:
A general physician or even a cardiologist can diagnose high cholesterol levels by checking the cholesterol levels in your blood. You may be asked to undergo a blood test called a lipoprotein panel, which can measure your cholesterol levels. Prior to taking the test, you will be asked to fast for around 12 hours to ensure that all food is completely digested and will not affect the results of the test. This test will measure your:
High cholesterol levels can cause a number of complications, chief among them being atherosclerosis, which is an accumulation of cholesterol and other substances in the walls of the arteries, forming deposits called plaque. The accumulation of plaque can cause complications such as:
To treat high cholesterol levels your doctor will first suggest lifestyle changes, including diet changes and exercising. If that alone is not sufficient to bring down the high cholesterol levels, he may prescribe medicines to lower your LDL levels. You need to discuss your complete medical history with your doctor before he prescribes medicines to control your cholesterol levels, to ensure that any medicines you are currently taking do not react with the medicines that the doctor would like to prescribe.
Exercising regularly can boost up your HDL or good cholesterol levels and burnout dangerous LDL levels.
To reduce cholesterol levels, you can undertake moderate exercising for about 30 minutes daily, or you can undertake vigorous exercise 2 to 3 times per week for 75 minutes.
Brisk walking, swimming, aerobics, bicycling, jogging can reduce your LDL cholesterol levels.
Coupled with exercising you will also need to adopt a healthier diet.
The likelihood of dying from heart disease in young people doubles with every 40 point increase in total cholesterol.
72% Indians have low levels of the good cholesterol or HDL holds true across the country, be it in Mumbai, Chandigarh or Chennai.
Exercise and taking a good diet are the main methods to boost good cholesterol levels.
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