Hello there...... A varicocele is often harmless and often does not need to be treated..... Varicocele treatment may not be necessary. However, if your varicocele causes pain, testicular atrophy or infertility you may want to undergo varicocele repair. If you have surgery, your sperm count will likely increase.... However, it will not improve your fertility. In most cases, testicular wasting (atrophy) does not improve unless surgery is done early in adolescence.....