Shin pain occurs most frequently in athletes involved in running, jumping, or high-impact sports. Shin pain can be caused by shin splints (also called medial tibial stress syndrome), a stress fracture of the tibia or fibula, or compartment syndrome. The most common source of shin pain in runners is shin splints. A period of rest from running may be needed for the stress fracture or shin splints to heal. Ice and Pain relief medicines are effective for pain. If someone has flat feet or high-arched feet, a proper shoe and/or shoe insert may be helpful. Since stress fractures in the shin usually start with shin splints, identifying and treating shin splints—before they progress—can prevent the development of stress fractures. Maintaining healthy bone through good diet (high in vitamin D and calcium) will also reduce the risk of stress fracture. Please see a Physiotherapist for further assessment and management of your leg pain.