Graduated - Sydney University, 1977
Residency, Internal Medicine - University Hospital Cleveland Medical Center, 1977
Residency, Radiology, Diagnostic Radiology - Mass General Brigham/Brigham and Women's Hospital/Harvard Medical School, 1981
Medical degree, DO - Oregon Health and Science University School of Medicine, 2001
Residency, Radiology, Diagnostic Radiology - Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School, 1980
Residency, Internal Medicine - Case Western Reserve University, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, 1977
Class of 1975 - Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, 1975
Medical Education - Western Reserve University, 1975