B.A., Biochemistry and Molecular Biology - Vanderbilt University, 1979
Class of 1983 - University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, 1983
Residency in Surgery (Gen) - Letterman Army Medical Center, 1985
Residency in Anaesthesiology - Letterman Army Medical Center, 1989
Fellowship in Cardiovascular Diseases - University Of California, San Francisco, 1991
B.A., Biochemistry and Molecular Biology - University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, 1979
Fellowship in Cardiac Anesthesia - University Of California, San Francisco, 1991
Medical Education - University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1983