Medical degree, DO - Saint Louis University School of Medicine, 1977
Residency in Orthopaedic Surgery - Saint Louis University School of Medicine, 1982
Internship, Transitional Year - Saint Louis University School of Medicine, 1978
B.A. in Zoology - University of Washington SOM, 1973
M.D. - Saint Louis University School of Medicine, 1977
M.Ed., Medical Education - Saint Louis University, 1977
Medical School - St Louis University School Of Medicine, 1977
Medical degree, DO - Saint Louis University School of Medicine, 1982