Medical School - Perelman School of Medicine at University of Pennsylvania, 1968
Bachelor of Science in Molecular and Cellular Biology and Biochemistry - University of Tennessee, Knoxville, 2001
Doctor of Medicine - University Of Tennessee Health Science Center, 2006
Surgical Residency - Phoenix Integrated Surgical Residency Program, 2011
Internship, Transitional Year - University of Pennsylvania Health System, Presbyterian Medical Center, 1969
Thoracic Surgery Residency - Naval Medical Center, San Diego, 1975
Surgery Residency - Naval Medical Center, San Diego, 1973