Medical Education - Kirksville College of Osteopathic Medicine, A. T. Still University, 2014
Medical School - University of Milan Medical School, 1985
Internship - University Of California, San Francisco, 1981
Residency - ID - University Of California, San Francisco, 1982
Residency - Orthopaedic Surgery - University Of California, San Francisco, 1985
Surgery Residency - University Of California, San Francisco, 1982
Medical degree, DO - University of Milan Medical School, 1980