Master of Psychopharmacology - University of California - San Diego, School of Medicine, 2003
Chief Residency in Psychiatry - University of Washington SOM, 1969
Internship, Transitional Year - Santa Clara Valley Medical Center Gme, 1964
B.A. - Amherst College, 1959
no degree - University of Wisconsin System, 1958
no degree - University of Wisconsin System, 1956
Medical School - Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, 1963
B.A. - Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, 1959