Medical degree, DO - Yale School of Medicine, 1984
Residency in Ophthalmology - Thomas Jefferson University, 1985
Residency - ID - Yale, 1983
Fellowship 2 - The Wills Eye Hospital, 1985
Residency - ID - Yale University / Yale University, 1983
Class of 1979 - Yale School of Medicine, 1979
Fellowship - Wills Eye Hospital, 1985
Internship - University of Virginia, 1980