Medical degree, DO - Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, 1972
M.D. - Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, 1972
B.A. - Colby College, 1967
Medical School - Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, 1972
Medical School - Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, 1972
Internship - Harlem Hospital Center, 1973