Class of 1973 - University of Milan Medical School, 1973
Internship - University of Southern California, Los Angeles General Medical Center, 1974
Residency - ID - Children's Hospital Medical Center Cincinnati, 1976
Clinical Fellowship in Hematology and Medical Oncology - UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine, 1978
Fellowship in Allergy and Immunology - UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine, 1979
Fellowship in Allergy and Immunology - UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine, 1980
Medical School - University of Milan Medical School, 1973
Medical degree, DO - University of Milan Medical School, 1973