Ph.D. in Biomedical Engineering - Stanford University SOM, 1974
Residency in Anaesthesiology - UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine, 1980
Residency in Orthopaedic Surgery - UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine, 1977
Internship, Transitional Year - Santa Clara Valley Medical Center Gme, 1976
PhD (Biomedical Engineering) - Stanford University School of Medicine, 1976