Residency in Internal Medicine - Western Reserve University, 1994
Fellowship in Cardiovascular Diseases - The University Of Chicago, 1996
Clinical Fellowship in Cardiac Electrophysiology - University Of California, San Francisco, 1998
Medical degree, DO - Shanghai Medical University, 1982
Fellowship in cardiology - The University Of Chicago, 1996
Fellowship, Electrophysiology - University Of California, San Francisco, 1998