EndometriosisIts a condition in which endometrial tissue(inside lining of uterus) is found outside the uterus.Exact number of women affected by it varies from 1 in 10 to 5 in 10 in the age group of 25-40 yrs.Certain inherit it in family but exact cause is still not known.Various theories are there.Protective evidence of combined hormonal pills is evident in various studies with its effect persisting even after stoppage of drug.The ectopic endometrial cell multiplies and grows every month and break at time of menses causing irritation and pain and forming adhesions with other surrounding organs and often forming cysts filled with dark chocolate colored fluid.All this leads to symptoms of pain of varying degrees such as painful periods, painful intercourse, pain in lower abdomen, painful defecation during periods or painful urinationOthers might experience difficulties in conceiving or bleeding in between cycles.Diagnostic modalities include ultrasounds blood test and laparoscopy with pathology diagnosis With time if help is not sought these endometrial implants worsen and may lead to adhesions inside the abdomen causing obstruction and blocking tubesHowever this problem rarely exists in menopausal women because the effects of female hormone is withdrawn.Various methods have been employed for its management which needs to be tailored according to the needs of the women which may include conservative management by medicines and surgical management if at all needed.